ELLIOTPIERCE.NETAn independent project by Elliot Pierce
Where the water goesNORTHWEST GEORGIAExplore the data

UTILITY PROFILE / CATOOSA

Catoosa Utility District

Catoosa County audit grouping. Ten-year reporting period: 2016–2025. Latest audit: 2025. Annual estimates help identify questions about infrastructure and spending.

Open printable one-page briefingExplore this system’s data

What the utility reported

In 2025, Catoosa Utility District supplied 1,837.4 million gallons and reported 230.3 million gallons lost, or 12.5% of supply. That equals 631,053 gallons per day.

217.7

million gallons of estimated physical leakage

12.626

million gallons of apparent losses

26.3

gallons of physical leakage / connection / day

Physical leakage changed -52.3% since 2024, -36.1% since 2020 and -35.9% since 2016. Total losses changed -51.0% in the latest year. Changes in meters, methods or audit boundaries can affect reported trends.

Reported by the utility / calculated from the audit 2025 EPD compilation, worksheet “2025 Water Audits ”, row 42. Definitions.

What deserves a closer look

Reported improvement needs supporting records

Estimated physical leakage fell from 456.0 to 217.7 million gallons (-52.3%). That establishes a smaller reported estimate. Meter verification, leak logs and audit notes are needed to establish how much reflects actual leakage reduction.

The population entry is 7,800 with 22,668 connections, compared with 60,000 people in 2024. Population does not enter the loss-balance calculation. The Infrastructure Leakage Index is 0.83. Below 1 warrants review, but does not automatically prove an error.

Physical and apparent losses over time

Reported water losses, 2016–2025

Compare the total gallons with the two types of loss. An apparent-loss revision can also change the residual physical estimate.

Interactive chart loading. Exact annual values are available in the table below and the source downloads.

Source: Georgia EPD annual compilations, 2016–2025. Missing observations remain missing. Figures are audit estimates; changed methods and inputs can affect the trend.

Original annual water-balance values. MG means million gallons.
Audit yearSupplied (MG)Total loss (MG)Physical (MG)Apparent (MG)Loss / supplySource
20161,913.34363.42339.4124.0119.0%2016 EPD compilation, worksheet “2016”, row 43
20171,747.95307.10284.8522.2517.6%2017 EPD compilation, worksheet “Sheet1”, row 43
20181,848.94455.83433.9521.8924.7%2018 EPD compilation, worksheet “2018 Final”, row 42
20191,879.44425.95403.2322.7222.7%2019 EPD compilation, worksheet “2019 Water Audits”, row 42
20201,874.29363.86340.4423.4219.4%2020 EPD compilation, worksheet “Final Version”, row 41
20211,867.30399.44376.5722.8721.4%2021 EPD compilation, worksheet “Final”, row 41
20221,855.15357.75334.5323.2119.3%2022 EPD compilation, worksheet “Final”, row 41
20231,719.75378.47364.1114.3622.0%2023 EPD compilation, worksheet “2023 Water Loss Audits”, row 40
20241,822.26470.42456.0014.4225.8%2024 EPD compilation, worksheet “2024 Water Audits”, row 40
20251,837.37230.33217.7112.6312.5%2025 EPD compilation, worksheet “2025 Water Audits ”, row 42

Compare more than one measure

A physical service connection is not necessarily one home or one bill. Main length, pressure, density and input quality differ across systems.

Where its water came from

Supply as reported, before/after applicable adjustments
2025 supply itemMillion gallons
Own sources1,407.176
Imported from other systems786.068
Exported to other systems371.496
Adjusted net water supplied1,837.374

Net supply accounts for exports and source-meter adjustments. Raw own-source and import values may not sum directly to adjusted supply. These audits cannot trace a particular leaked gallon to a particular source.

Produced, imported and exported water, 2016–2025

Interactive chart loading. Exact annual values are available in the table below and the source downloads.

Source: Georgia EPD annual compilations, 2016–2025. Missing observations remain missing. Figures are audit estimates; changed methods and inputs can affect the trend.

Where every 100 gallons went

Billed use, legitimate unbilled use, apparent losses and estimated physical leakage add up to supplied water. Firefighting and flushing mains are authorized uses.

Calculated from the selected audit. Physical leakage is the residual after authorized use and apparent losses, not a measurement of every leak. Non-revenue water also includes legitimate unbilled use.

Costs and infrastructure decisions

Valuations and input costs; nominal dollars as reported
2025 financial fieldReported value
Physical-loss valuation$142,020
Apparent-loss valuation$62,247
Total estimated loss valuation$204,266
Physical-loss valuation basisVPC
Variable production cost ($ / MG)$652
Retail charge ($ / 1,000 gallons)$5.05
Reported annual operating expense$10,079,916

Physical leakage is typically valued at variable treatment, pumping and purchase costs. Apparent losses are usually valued at retail charges. The full valuation is not guaranteed savings. Project costs, fixed expenses and contract terms matter. Values are retained as filed; historical unit or basis changes limit comparison.

A loss-valuation/operating-expense ratio is withheld until the financial inputs and expense scope are reconciled. Dividing valuation by physical connections does not estimate an individual customer’s bill increase.

Reported physical and apparent loss valuations, 2016–2025

Interactive chart loading. Exact annual values are available in the table below and the source downloads.

Source: Georgia EPD annual compilations, 2016–2025. Missing observations remain missing. Figures are audit estimates; changed methods and inputs can affect the trend.

Source cost-input history
YearProduction cost ($/MG)Retail ($/1,000 gal)Operating expensePhysical valuationApparent valuation
2016325.082.98$4,925,576$110,336$71,557
2017538.123.23$5,583,174$153,285$71,870
20181,200.003.75$5,568,589$520,735$82,072
20191,200.003.86$5,673,857$483,879$87,692
2020177.003.98$6,364,404$60,257$93,225
2021207.714.12$6,633,299$78,216$94,227
2022189.604.12$6,924,933$63,427$95,644
2023457.394.41$7,446,779$166,539$63,326
2024564.944.41$7,446,779$257,613$63,360
2025652.345.05$10,079,916$142,020$62,247

ILLUSTRATIVE SCENARIO

What would a leakage reduction avoid?

Test an assumed reduction and an independently chosen avoidable cost. These are hypothetical variable expenses before repair and program costs. No future rate reduction is predicted.

The default $1 is an illustration, not a utility cost estimate. Include incremental operating costs when assessing a real program. Fixed labor, debt and contracted purchase minimums may remain.

Data quality and system characteristics

Audit data validity, 2016–2025

A score documents input practices and checking. It is not a numerical accuracy percentage or a water-safety grade.

Interactive chart loading. Exact annual values are available in the table below and the source downloads.

Source: Georgia EPD annual compilations, 2016–2025. Missing observations remain missing. Figures are audit estimates; changed methods and inputs can affect the trend.

System characteristics and preserved audit flags
YearMains (mi)ConnectionsPressure (PSI)PopulationILI / applicabilitySoftwareSource flags
2016538.022,21211350,9941.32 / TrueAWWA v5 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2017538.020,51211350,6771.15 / TrueAWWA v5 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2018538.020,63811350,9941.75 / TrueAWWA v5 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2019550.020,75511352,6501.61 / TrueAWWA v5 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2020547.021,02511352,6501.35 / TrueAWWA v5 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2021547.021,35111352,6501.48 / TrueAWWA v6 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2022563.021,46211352,6501.29 / TrueAWWA v6 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2023580.021,94211360,0001.37 / TrueAWWA v6 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2024548.022,29511360,0001.75 / TrueAWWA v6 layoutNo cleaned-workbook flag
2025550.022,6681137,8000.83 / TrueAWWA v6 layoutILI below 1.0 (manual p.35: often a sign of data error); Population served changed >50% from prior audit

An unusual input warrants explanation, not automatic correction. The leakage index compares real losses with a theoretical reference based on pipes, connections and pressure. Respect applicability flags and inspect the underlying workbook before using it. How to evaluate audit quality.

Source footnotes and available audit comments
Comments preserved from the original compilation; not all underlying audit notes
YearSource footnotesAvailable compilation comments
2016billed_unmetered=Note 1; unbilled_metered=Note 1; rep_real_gal_mile_day=N/AVolume from own sources; Unauthorized consumption; Systematic data handling errors; n/a; n/a; QWLA= Charles Reynolds 0148. All comments in Red was by QWLA. All other is from auditor.; Catoosa Utility District Auth Worksheet 2015.xls
2017billed_unmetered=Note 1; rep_real_gal_mile_day=N/AVolume from own sources; Unauthorized consumption; Systematic data handling errors
2018billed_unmetered=Note 1; rep_real_gal_mile_day=N/AVolume from own sources; Unauthorized consumption; Systematic data handling errors
2019billed_unmetered=Note 1; rep_real_gal_mile_day=N/AVolume from own sources; Unauthorized consumption; Systematic data handling errors
2020rep_real_gal_mile_day=N/AVolume from own sources; Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses); Unauthorized consumption
2021billed_unmetered=Note 1; unbilled_metered=Note 1Level III (51-75); Volume from own sources; Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses); Unauthorized consumption
2022billed_unmetered=Note 1; unbilled_metered=Note 1; nrw_volume_2=Note 6No extra compilation comment
2023billed_unmetered=Note 1; unbilled_metered=Note 1No extra compilation comment
2024billed_unmetered=Note 1No extra compilation comment
2025billed_unmetered=Note 1No extra compilation comment

Some older extra columns contain software labels rather than substantive comments. Full provenance preserves their original column positions. Download complete source-cell provenance.

Who governs this water system?

Independently documented

Catoosa Utility District Authority Board of Commissioners

Commissioners are elected by utility consumer members for six-year terms. Published regular meetings: second and fourth Tuesdays, 8:30 a.m., utility office, 1058 Old Mill Road, Ringgold. This board is distinct from the county commission.

Official utility information · Governing body · Meetings and public documents

Links checked October 14, 2026. Consult current posted meeting notices. Geographic location does not establish county government control.

Records that would explain the figures

The annual compilation does not include all underlying meter results, audit notes, repair records, contracts or engineering studies.

  1. Which repairs, operational changes or meter adjustments produced the 238.3-million-gallon decline?

    Records: Complete annual audit workbooks, Comments and Notes, meter verification, and the current water-loss control program.

  2. What is the correct service-population figure, and how was it entered?

    Records: Input worksheets, pipe inventory, connection counts, and corresponding financial records.

  3. What audit notes and source-meter tests support the below-one leakage index?

    Records: Monthly water balances, leak and repair logs, meter tests, targets, budgets and annual progress reports.

Records worth requesting Officials’ oversight checklist